1999 Iowa Turfgrass Research Report

A field study was initiated to compare the efficacy of several new granular broadleaf weed and feed products to the standard herbicides in applications made to both damp and dry foliage. Sprayable formulations also were screened to: 1) determine the efficacy of Millenium Ultra, Horsepower, DTDA, XRM-5202, and other research numbered compounds to traditional 3-way herbicides; 2) determine the efficacy differential between the optical and racemic isomers of 2, 4-DP and MCPP; 3) determine the efficacy of Confront as compared to traditional 3-way herbicides.

This study was conducted at the Iowa State University Horticulture Research Station north of Ames, IA in an area of common bluegrass with a heavy infestation of red clover, white clover, dandelions, and assorted broadleaf weed species. The soil in this area was a Nicollet (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Aquic Hapludoll) with an organic matter content of 4.45%, a pH of 6.65, 26 ppm P, and 257 ppm K. The experimental plots were 5 x 10 ft with three replications and two rows per replication

The study was comprised of 34 treatments including eight granular materials applied to both wet and dry foliage (Table 1). Those plots receiving the granular materials were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft plots. The northern one was wet with water just prior to application and the southern was kept dry. Half of the total material for these plots was applied to the wet foliage and half to the dry.

The sprayable materials included Millenium Ultra, Horsepower, DTDA, XRM 5202, Confront, RDL202, RDL211, and RDL414. Super Trimec and Trimec Classic were included as industry standards and Triplet as a 3-way herbicide standard. The racemic (R) and optical (O) formulations of Dissolve, MCPP, and 2,4-DP also were screened. An untreated control was included.

Granular materials were applied using cardboard containers as 'shaker dispensers'. Sprayables were applied at 30-35 psi using a carbon dioxide backpack sprayer equipped with TeeJet #8006 flat fan nozzles. The liquids were diluted into 567 ml of water. This translates to an application rate of 3 gal/1000 ft². All products were applied postemergently after dandelions, clover, and other broadleaf species were well established. Applications were made on June 5, 1998. The plot was neither irrigated nor mowed for 24 hours following application.

Turf quality and phytotoxicity data were taken from June 10 through July 30 (Table 2). Visual quality was assessed using a scale from 9 to 1 with 9 = best, 6 = lowest acceptable, and 1 = worst quality. Phytotoxicity was recorded as present or absent.

Broadleaf and grass weed species were monitored. Weed damage data were taken on June 10 (Table 3). Damage to dandelions and clover was assessed using a 9 to 1 scale with 9 = no damage, 5 = 50% of plants showing damage, and 1 = 100% of plants exhibiting damage. The symptoms of damage included foliage discoloration, wilting, and curling. Percentage dandelion and clover mortality data were taken on June 24 and June 30 (Table 4). Mortality was assessed by estimating the number of living plants per plot and comparing to the untreated controls. Dandelion counts (Table 5) and percentage clover cover (Table 7) data were collected on July 7, July 14, July 24, and July 30 . For these data, the number of dandelions was counted and the percentage clover cover was estimated for each plot. Reductions were calculated as percentages of the untreated controls on each collection date for dandelion (Table 6) and clover (Table 8).

Percentage crabgrass cover data were taken on July 7, July 14, July 24, and July 30 (Table 9). Reductions were not calculated since there was more crabgrass in many of the treated plots than in the untreated controls. The only other weed species with a widespread distribution was spurge. The number of spurge per plot was counted (Table 10). Reductions in numbers were not calculated because there were no spurge plants in the untreated controls.

All data were analyzed with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS, Version 6.12) and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) procedure. Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was utilized for means comparisons.

No phytotoxicity was found during this study. Visual quality of turf treated with the herbicide plus fertilizer formulations was better than the untreated and unfertilized turf (Table 2). The numerical differences were not statistically significant. The turf treated with the herbicide plus fertilizer materials had consistently improved quality over the entire duration of the study as compared with the untreated and unfertilized turf.

Many of the sprayable materials were causing significant levels of damage to dandelion and clover as compared with the untreated control on June 10 (Table 3). Dandelion and clover treated with the granular formulations were not exhibiting significant damage on this date.

By June 30, six of the sprayable materials had caused dandelion mortality Ñ 90% as compared with the untreated control (Table 4). On this date, 11 of the sprayable formulations and two granulars (applied to wet foliage) had killed all of the clover.

Sixteen of the sprayable materials significantly decreased dandelion counts on July 7 and all sprayables significantly suppressed dandelions July 14 through July 30 as compared to the untreated controls (Table 5). Treatment with the granular formulations applied to either wet or dry foliage resulted in significantly fewer dandelions from July 7 through July 30 as compared to the untreated controls.

On July 7, 12 sprayable herbicides reduced dandelion populations > 94% as compared with the untreated control (Table 6). By July 30, only eight sprayables were providing this level of reduction. The mean level of control was Ñ 91.4% for 10 sprayable materials as compared with the untreated control.

One granular formulation reduced dandelion populations > 90% and two granulars produced reductions > 83.4% as compared with the untreated controls on July 7 (Table 6). Three granulars provided dandelion control that was Ñ 80.5% on July 30. For some of the granular materials, significantly better control was achieved when the material was applied to wet foliage than to dry (Table 11). Mean dandelion control was significantly better for five of the granular materials when applied to wet foliage than to dry.

All sprayable and granular herbicides significantly suppressed clover cover July 7 through July 30 as compared with the untreated controls (Table 7). Twenty-three materials kept clover cover below 5.0% on July 7 as compared to the untreated control. The mean clover cover was < 5.0% for 20 of the materials and 12 of these kept clover cover æ1.0% for the entire duration of the study.

Twenty-three materials reduced clover cover Ñ 92% on July 7 as compared with the untreated control and 11 of these killed all clover (Table 8). Mean clover cover reductions were > 94% for 20 of the herbicide formulations.

Clover control was similar for most granular materials applied on wet and on dry foliage (Table 12). There were numerical differences in reduction of clover cover between the dry and wet applications but they were not statistically significant.

Percentage crabgrass cover was significantly higher in turf treated with nine of the sprayable materials than in the untreated controls on July 14 (Table 9). By July 30, crabgrass cover was > 20% in turf treated with 13 of the herbicides and was < 1% in the untreated control. The crabgrass populations in the treated turf can be explained by the reduced competition from dandelion and clover as compared with competition in the untreated turf.

Spurge numbers were significantly higher in some treated turf as compared with the untreated control (Table 10). These populations also can be explained by the reduced competition in the treated turf as compared with the untreated turf.

 

Table 1. Herbicides applied on June 5 for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	Rate oz/1000 ft2	Formulation	Dry or wet foliage
1	Untreated control	N/A	N/A	N/A
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	0.92	sprayable	dry
3	Horsepower 50.40%	0.92	sprayable	dry
4	DTDA 47.30%	0.92	sprayable	dry
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	1.29	sprayable	dry
6	Confront 45.10%	0.74	sprayable	dry
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	1.20	sprayable	dry
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	0.61	sprayable	dry
9	RDL211 55.98%	1.10	sprayable	dry
10	RDL414 55.48%	1.10	sprayable	dry
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	1.10	sprayable	dry
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	1.10	sprayable	dry
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	1.10	sprayable	dry
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	1.10	sprayable	dry
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	1.50	sprayable	dry
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	1.50	sprayable	dry
17	Super Trimec	1.10	sprayable	dry
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	1.50	sprayable	dry
		Rate lb/1000 ft2
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;181	3.60	granular	wet
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	wet
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	wet
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	wet
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	wet
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	wet
25	Turf Builder + 21	2.94	granular	wet
26	Fertilized control1	3.60	granular	wet
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;181	3.60	granular	dry
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	dry
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	dry
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	dry
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	dry
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 181	3.60	granular	dry
33	Turf Builder + 21	2.94	granular	dry
34	Fertilized control1	3.60	granular	dry

¹The 5 x 10 ft plots for these treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

Table 2. Visual quality¹ of turf treated on June 5 for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	June 10	June 24	June 30	July 7	July 14	July 24	July 30
1	Untreated control	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
3	Horsepower 50.40%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
4	DTDA 47.30%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
6	Confront 45.10%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
9	RDL211 55.98%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
10	RDL414 55.48%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
17	Super Trimec	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	7	7	7	6	6	6	6
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
25	Turf Builder + 22	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
26	Fertilized control2	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
33	Turf Builder + 22	8	8	8	7	7	7	7
34	Fertilized control2	8	8	8	7	7	7	7

¹Visual quality was assessed using a 9 to 1 scale with 9 = best, 6 = lowest acceptable, and 1 = worst quality.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

LSD's were not included because means comparisons were not appropriate for these data.

 

Table 3. Dandelion and clover damage¹ on June 10 in turf treated on June 5 for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	Dandelion	Clover
1	Untreated control	9.0	9.0
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	5.7	7.0
3	Horsepower 50.40%	5.7	6.7
4	DTDA 47.30%	5.7	5.7
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	7.0	7.0
6	Confront 45.10%	5.0	7.7
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	6.0	6.3
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	5.3	6.0
9	RDL211 55.98%	5.7	5.7
10	RDL414 55.48%	5.3	4.3
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	8.0	8.7
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	7.0	7.3
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	8.3	8.7
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	8.0	7.3
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	7.0	7.3
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	6.7	7.0
17	Super Trimec	5.0	6.3
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	7.0	8.0
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	8.7	8.3
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	8.7	8.0
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	8.3	8.3
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	8.0	7.7
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	8.7	8.7
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	8.3	8.0
25	Turf Builder + 22	8.0	8.3
26	Fertilized control2	9.0	9.0
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	8.3	8.3
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	8.7	8.0
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	8.3	8.3
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	8.0	7.7
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	8.7	8.7
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	8.3	8.0
33	Turf Builder + 22	8.0	8.3
34	Fertilized control2	9.0	9.0
	LSD0.05	1.7	1.8

¹Damage was assessed using a 9 to 1 scale with 9 = no damage, 5 = 50% of plants showing damage, and 1 = 100% of plants exhibiting damage. Symptoms of damage included foliage discoloration, wilting, and curling.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

Table 4. Percentage dandelion and clover cover¹ reductions in turf treated on June 5 for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

		Dandelion cover			Clover cover
	Material	June 24	June 30	Mean	June 24	June 30	Mean
		_____________________________%________________________________
1	Untreated control	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	56.7	86.7	71.7	63.3	100.0	81.7
3	Horsepower 50.40%	70.0	73.3	71.7	46.7	100.0	73.3
4	DTDA 47.30%	53.3	86.7	70.0	33.3	60.0	46.7
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	36.7	83.3	60.0	36.7	100.0	68.3
6	Confront 45.10%	73.3	100.0	86.7	66.7	100.0	83.3
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	46.7	80.0	63.3	43.3	100.0	71.7
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	40.0	100.0	70.0	40.0	100.0	70.0
9	RDL211 55.98%	53.3	100.0	76.7	46.7	100.0	73.3
10	RDL414 55.48%	73.3	90.0	81.7	70.0	100.0	85.0
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	46.7	36.7	41.7	23.3	50.0	36.7
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	26.7	43.3	35.0	20.0	10.0	15.0
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	40.0	30.0	35.0	30.0	56.7	43.3
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	56.7	36.7	46.7	26.7	40.0	33.3
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	63.3	80.0	71.7	43.3	83.3	63.3
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	73.3	76.7	75.0	53.3	100.0	76.7
17	Super Trimec	73.3	100.0	86.7	63.3	100.0	81.7
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	70.0	93.3	81.7	76.7	100.0	88.3
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	43.3	56.7	50.0	36.7	100.0	68.3
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	43.3	63.3	53.3	60.0	100.0	80.0
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	30.0	20.0	25.0	20.0	33.3	26.7
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	33.3	23.3	28.3	33.3	0.0	16.7
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	33.3	10.0	21.7	33.3	0.0	16.7
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	36.7	60.0	48.3	40.0	66.7	53.3
25	Turf Builder + 22	53.3	43.3	48.3	26.7	16.7	21.7
26	Fertilized control2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	30.0	46.7	38.3	30.0	76.7	53.3
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	30.0	33.3	31.7	53.3	76.7	65.0
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	6.7	0.0	3.3	13.3	33.3	23.3
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	23.3	16.7	20.0	23.3	0.0	11.7
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	33.3	0.0	16.7	30.0	0.0	15.0
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	36.7	26.7	31.7	40.0	20.0	30.0
33	Turf Builder + 22	40.0	30.0	35.0	26.7	16.7	21.7
34	Fertilized control2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	LSD0.05	28.0	28.7	6.8	33.4	41.5	25.6

¹These figures represent percentage reductions in percentage dandelion and clover cover per plot as compared with the untreated controls.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

 

Table 5. Dandelion counts¹ in turf treated for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	July 7	July 14	July 24	July 30	Mean count
1	Untreated control	298.0	316.7	366.7	390.0	342.8
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	2.3	2.3	1.7	1.3	1.9
3	Horsepower 50.40%	9.7	35.0	66.7	77.7	47.3
4	DTDA 47.30%	16.7	23.3	36.7	41.7	29.6
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	2.0	15.0	26.7	25.7	17.3
6	Confront 45.10%	0.3	2.3	5.7	5.7	3.5
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	10.7	21.7	73.3	44.7	37.6
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	2.3	10.0	15.0	15.0	10.6
9	RDL211 55.98%	4.0	11.7	15.0	18.3	12.3
10	RDL414 55.48%	3.3	8.3	13.3	13.7	9.7
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	112.0	125.0	141.7	151.7	132.6
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	185.0	173.3	183.3	191.3	183.3
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	205.3	216.7	200.0	216.7	209.7
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	222.7	216.7	200.0	210.0	212.3
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	7.0	13.3	18.3	20.3	14.8
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	80.0	90.0	125.0	123.0	104.5
17	Super Trimec	9.0	8.7	9.7	13.0	10.1
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	4.3	12.0	16.7	20.0	13.3
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	10.7	36.7	46.7	44.7	34.7
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	49.3	63.3	106.7	111.3	82.7
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	166.7	200.0	166.7	186.7	180.0
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	103.3	100.0	100.0	110.0	103.3
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	70.0	73.3	73.3	76.0	73.2
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	69.3	66.7	63.3	91.3	72.7
25	Turf Builder + 22	40.0	63.3	90.0	41.3	58.7
26	Fertilized control2	265.3	266.7	366.7	360.0	314.7
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	76.7	93.3	143.3	133.3	111.7
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	164.7	200.0	250.0	253.3	217.0
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	179.7	226.7	283.3	286.7	244.1
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	215.3	223.3	233.3	230.0	225.5
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	216.7	230.0	290.0	260.0	249.2
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	138.0	180.0	216.7	226.7	190.3
33	Turf Builder + 22	104.7	133.3	113.3	108.7	115.0
34	Fertilized control2	281.3	316.7	333.3	366.7	324.5
	LSD0.05	78.8	85.7	76.4	77.2	70.7

¹These figures represent the number of dandelions per plot.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

 

Table 6. Percentage reductions in dandelion counts¹ in treated turf as compared with the untreated controls of the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study

	Material	July 7	July 14	July 24	July 30	Mean reduction
		_________________________________ % _________________________________
1	Untreated control	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	99.2	99.3	99.5	99.7	99.4
3	Horsepower 50.40%	96.8	88.9	81.8	80.1	86.2
4	DTDA 47.30%	94.4	92.6	90.0	89.3	91.4
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	99.3	95.3	92.7	93.4	94.9
6	Confront 45.10%	99.9	99.3	98.5	98.5	99.0
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	96.4	93.2	80.0	88.5	89.0
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	99.2	96.8	95.9	96.2	96.9
9	RDL211 55.98%	98.7	96.3	95.9	95.3	96.4
10	RDL414 55.48%	98.9	97.4	96.4	96.5	97.2
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	62.4	60.5	61.4	61.1	61.3
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	37.9	45.3	50.0	50.9	46.5
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	31.1	31.6	45.5	44.4	38.8
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	25.3	31.6	45.5	46.2	38.1
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	97.7	95.8	95.0	94.8	95.7
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	73.2	71.6	65.9	68.5	69.5
17	Super Trimec	97.0	97.3	97.4	96.7	97.1
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	98.5	96.2	95.5	94.9	96.1
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	96.4	88.4	87.3	88.5	89.9
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	83.4	80.0	70.9	71.5	75.9
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	44.1	36.8	54.5	52.1	47.5
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	65.3	68.4	72.7	71.8	69.9
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	76.5	76.8	80.0	80.5	78.7
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	76.7	78.9	82.7	76.6	78.8
25	Turf Builder + 22	86.6	80.0	75.5	89.4	82.9
26	Fertilized control2	11.0	15.8	0.0	7.7	8.2
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	74.3	70.5	60.9	65.8	67.4
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	44.7	36.8	31.8	35.0	36.7
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	39.7	28.4	22.7	26.5	28.8
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	27.7	29.5	36.4	41.0	34.2
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	27.3	27.4	20.9	33.3	27.3
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	53.7	43.2	40.9	41.9	44.5
33	Turf Builder + 22	64.9	57.9	69.1	72.1	66.5
34	Fertilized control2	5.6	0.0	9.1	6.0	5.3
	LSD0.05	26.5	27.1	20.8	19.8	20.6

¹These figures represent percentage reductions in dandelion numbers per plot as compared with the untreated controls.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

Table 7. Percentage clover cover¹ in turf treated for the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	July 7	July 14	July 24	July 30	Mean cover
		__________________________________ % ________________________________
1	Untreated control	50.0	61.7	65.0	78.3	63.8
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
3	Horsepower 50.40%	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
4	DTDA 47.30%	1.7	0.7	3.3	3.3	2.3
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.7	0.3
6	Confront 45.10%	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	0.0	0.3	2.0	2.0	1.1
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	0.0	0.0	8.3	0.0	2.1
9	RDL211 55.98%	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
10	RDL414 55.48%	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.1
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	5.3	12.0	18.3	21.7	14.3
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	13.3	18.7	28.7	33.7	23.6
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	3.7	8.7	15.3	13.7	10.3
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	17.3	25.3	27.0	31.7	25.3
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	0.7	0.7	0.7	2.0	1.0
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	0.3	0.7	1.0	1.0	0.8
17	Super Trimec	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.2
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.7	0.3
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	0.0	0.0	6.7	0.0	1.7
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	18.7	12.0	13.7	17.0	15.3
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	8.3	13.3	20.0	20.0	15.4
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	2.3	2.3	4.3	4.3	3.3
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	2.0	2.3	5.3	5.3	3.8
25	Turf Builder + 22	4.0	5.7	13.3	15.0	9.5
26	Fertilized control2	26.7	23.3	38.3	41.7	32.5
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	27.0	28.7	33.7	35.3	31.2
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	13.3	13.3	26.7	35.0	22.1
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	4.3	7.0	14.0	15.7	10.3
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	1.7	1.0	3.7	3.7	2.5
33	Turf Builder + 22	10.0	11.7	21.7	28.3	17.9
34	Fertilized control2	26.7	20.3	53.3	56.7	39.3
	LSD0.05	16.3	19.7	21.2	24.1	19.1

¹These figures the area per plot covered by clover.

²The 5 x 10 ft plots for these granular treatments were split into two 2 1/2 x 10 ft subplots. One-half of each material was applied to a dry and a wet subplot.

 

Table 8. Percentage clover cover reductions¹ in treated turf as compared with the untreated controls of the 1998 Postemergence Granular and Sprayable Broadleaf Weed Control Study.

	Material	July 7	July 14	July 24	July 30	Mean
		__________________________________ % ________________________________
1	Untreated control	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	Millenium Ultra 47.10%	99.3	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9
3	Horsepower 50.40%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
4	DTDA 47.30%	96.7	98.9	94.9	95.7	96.5
5	XRM 5202 55.80%	100.0	100.0	99.0	99.1	99.5
6	Confront 45.10%	100.0	99.5	99.5	99.6	99.6
7	Triplet (std) 49.67%	100.0	99.5	96.9	97.4	98.3
8	RDL202 89.76%DF	100.0	100.0	87.2	100.0	96.7
9	RDL211 55.98%	100.0	99.5	99.5	99.6	99.6
10	RDL414 55.48%	100.0	99.5	100.0	100.0	99.9
11	MCPP (R) 51.90%	89.3	80.6	71.8	72.3	77.5
12	MCPP (O) 25.96%	73.3	69.7	55.9	57.0	63.0
13	2,4-DP (R) 50.00%	92.7	86.0	76.4	82.5	83.8
14	2,4-DP (O) 25.00%	65.3	58.9	58.5	59.6	60.3
15	Dissolve (R) 57.70%	98.7	98.9	99.0	97.4	98.4
16	Dissolve (O) 43.31%	99.3	98.9	98.5	98.7	98.8
17	Super Trimec	100.0	100.0	99.5	99.6	99.7
18	Trimec Classic 3.4SL	100.0	99.5	99.5	99.1	99.5
19	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	100.0	100.0	89.7	100.0	97.4
20	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	98.7	98.9	99.0	99.1	99.4
21	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	62.7	80.6	79.0	78.3	75.9
22	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	83.3	78.4	69.2	74.5	75.8
23	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	95.3	96.2	93.3	94.5	94.8
24	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	96.0	96.2	91.8	93.2	94.1
25	Turf Builder + 22	92.0	90.8	79.5	80.8	85.1
26	Fertilized control2	46.7	62.2	41.0	46.8	49.0
27	Millenium Ultra W & F &emdash;182	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
28	Trupower W & F &emdash; 182	98.7	99.5	99.5	99.6	99.3
29	Dissolve W & F &emdash; 182	46.0	53.5	48.2	54.9	51.1
30	Dissolve Ultra W & F &emdash; 182	73.3	78.4	59.0	55.3	65.4
31	Horsepower W & F &emdash; 182	91.3	88.7	78.5	80.0	83.9
32	XRM 5202 W & F &emdash; 182	96.7	98.4	94.4	95.3	96.1
33	Turf Builder + 22	80.0	81.1	66.7	63.8	71.9
34	Fertilized control2	46.7	67.0	18.0	27.6	38.4
	LSD0.05	32.5	31.9	32.6	30.7	29.9